傑夫貝哈爾問：
Dr.Robert阿特金斯解決自己的體重狀況，他從飲食中讀雜誌的美國醫學會。實現的優點，他跟隨阿特金斯飲食後推廣的理念作為阿特金斯飲食中的一系列書籍，開始博士阿特金斯飲食革命於 1972年。 阿特金斯飲食或只是'阿特金斯'是一個眾所周知的低碳水化合物飲食。
如何阿特金斯飲食工程
阿特金斯飲食國家，我們可以改變我們的新陳代謝和減肥食品很容易簡單地吃高蛋白質和脂肪和高碳水化合物的食物限制。 消費水平較高的碳水化合物的胰島素會導致生產過剩，從而增加飢餓和體重增加。 飲食鼓勵消費的食品含有豐富的蛋白質。
四個階段的阿特金斯飲食
感應
在誘導期是第一個，也是最嚴格的，第一階段的阿特金斯營養方法。 其目的是使身體迅速進入狀態酮症。 碳水化合物的攝入量限制在每天20克淨。
持續減重
正在進行的減肥（梟）相阿特金斯包括碳水化合物攝取量的增加，但其餘的水平在失重發生。 每天碳水化合物攝入量的目標，每星期增加5克淨。
預維護
碳水化合物的攝入量是這次又增加了10起每週淨碳水化合物的階梯集團，關鍵在這個階段的目標是要找到“臨界碳水化合物水平為維護”，這是最大數量的碳水化合物每天可以吃不體重增加。
終身維修
這一階段的目的是進行習慣收購了前幾個階段，並避免共同終了飲食觀念，可以使人們回到他們以前的習慣，以前的重量。 整體而言，未加工食品的選擇是強調，在選擇回落到一個較早的階段，如果你開始發胖。
每個階段都變得逐漸寬鬆而逐步提高碳水化合物允許的。
什麼食物是允許在阿特金斯飲食
允許的食物包括一個開放的數額所有肉類，魚類，貝類，家禽和雞蛋，最多4盎司（113 g）款軟或半軟芝士，蔬菜沙拉，蔬菜等低碳水化合物和黃油和植物油。
菜單樣本由阿特金斯飲食計劃
早餐：
意大利香腸種類的意大利蛋餅
杯涼茶
午餐
金槍魚沙拉混合綠葉蔬菜配上熏肉位
晚餐：
培根漢堡與西蘭花和花椰菜
新鮮水果kebobs
小吃：
高蛋白，低糖小吃店
什麼食物是不允許的阿特金斯飲食
沒有麵包，酒精或碳酸飲料，甚至飲食蘇打水。 飲料水是有限的，消費的咖啡因是不允許的。 這可能是難以消除的麵包和穀類食品，特別是有孩子的家庭中誰喜歡這些類型的食品。
阿特金斯飲食誤區
許多人錯誤地認為，阿特金斯飲食提倡吃無限量的脂肪肉類和奶酪。 這是一個關鍵點澄清，阿特金斯博士在最近討論修訂他的書。 雖然阿特金斯飲食不施加限制某些食物，或限制在總熱量，阿特金斯博士在他的書中指出，這個計劃是“沒有許可證的峽谷。
另一種常見的誤解源於混亂之間的誘導期的飲食和休息。 前兩個星期的阿特金斯飲食很嚴格，只允許 20克碳水化合物的每一天。 阿特金斯說，一個減肥者可以安全地留在誘導期為幾個月，如果有很多人失去了重量。 一旦減肥的目標是達成，碳水化合物水平是逐步提高，但仍遠遠低於美國農業部的規範，並且仍然在或略高於定義酮症。
已知的健康效益的阿特金斯飲食
有超過 50個研究，強調積極的減肥成果和其他相關的健康與福利後，阿特金斯飲食。 這些好處包括體重減輕，改善危險因素的心髒病，高血壓和糖尿病，炎症，治療癲癇的好處，減少肥胖兒童和青少年。
研究中指出的賓夕法尼亞大學醫學院，科羅拉多大學健康科學中心和華盛頓大學醫學院的參與者隨機分配到低碳水化合物，高蛋白質，高脂肪的飲食或低熱量，高碳水化合物，低脂肪的飲食。低碳水化合物的飲食產生了更大的重量損失，是與一個更大的改善，一些危險因素對冠狀動脈心髒病。
研究中指出，斯坦福大學醫學院比4的減肥飲食譜代表從低到高碳水化合物的攝取對減肥和代謝相關的變量。 與會者分配到按照阿特金斯飲食，而碳水化合物的攝入量最低的了，失去了超過兩倍的體重和經驗豐富的有利的整體代謝的影響在12個月高於分配給按照區，歐尼斯，或了解飲食。
其他建議的健康功效的阿特金斯飲食
許多人喜歡吃能夠盡可能多蛋白質和脂肪，因為他們的願望，因為這些食品往往僅限於傳統的飲食計劃。
For people who have tried a low-fat, high-carbohydrate weight loss plan without success, increasing protein in their diet often results in decreased food cravings and more rapid weight loss.
The diet is relatively easy to follow; there are no complicated meal plans.
Potential Risks of the Atkins Diet
Eating unlimited amounts of fat, especially saturated fat found in meat products, can lead to increased risk of heart disease. Extensive research on healthy populations tells us to eat more fruits,vegetables and whole grains. Restricting these foods in the name of weight loss may lead to long-term health problems.
Additionally any diet that limits carbohydrate causes the body to rely on fat or muscle for energy. When our body breaks down stored fat to supply energy, a byproduct called ketones is formed. Ketones suppress appetite, but they also cause fatigue, nausea, and a potentially dangerous fluid loss. Anyone with diabetes, heart, or kidney problems should check with their physician before following a low-carb diet.
Unpleasant side effects include constipation (caused by the low-fiber diet) and bad breath.
Impact of the Atkins Diet on Diet Culture
Since the Atkins Diet made headlines n the late '90s, there has been an explosion of low carbohydrate versions of traditionally high carbohydrate products, such as bread, pasta and even candy. Thiewed as the “grand daddy” and cause of the explosion of low carrb diets popularity in the nineties to early 2000.
What the Experts are Saying about the Atkins Diet
Atkins Diet supporters claim it offers faster weight loss and a relatively user-friendly eating plan. Sceptics, including dietitians and nutritionists, maintain that Atkins Diet weight loss is both short-term and possibly a health risk, even though the weight loss itself may have the beneficial effect of lowering cholesterol.
Dr. Foster, one of the researchers involved in studying the Atkins Diet, acknowledged the possible health dangers of the Atkins diet and stated a longer five-year study was planned:
“This larger study of 360 participants will help us more fully assess the benefits and risks of low-carbohydrate diets on bone mass, kidney function, arterial function and exercise tolerance,” he said. “I'm very, very concerned that people will get the message from these studies that the Atkins diet is safe and effective, but I don't believe we know that yet.”
Brigid McKevith, a nutrition scientist at the British Nutrition Foundation (BNF), said:
“We welcome the fact that the Atkins diet is being studied scientifically and that randomised controlled studies have been carried out, because it's very popular with the public. [however] There are several potential problems with the Atkins diet. These include long term bone health, as with a very high protein intake the excretions of calcium increase, so there could be implications for the health of bones,” she explained.
“There could be difficulties for people who have an underlying problem with their kidneys or liver, because it would be putting more strain on those organs, and problems in terms of heart disease too, as it's a diet very low in fruits and vegetables. Also, it's very low in fiber, so in terms of digestive health, it's not in keeping with our fibre and complex carbohydrate recommendations.”
Belinda Linden, head of medical information at the British Heart Foundation, holds similar views.
“The new studies do not indicate a dramatic weight loss for excessively obese people,” she said. “Previous studies have shown that weight loss from the Atkins Diet may involve muscle loss rather than body fat. Another potential problem is that it is so far unclear from studies whether weight loss is sustained over a longer period than six months. One of the studies shows no significant difference at 12 months.” She added that: “With minimal fruit and vegetables included in the diet, it holds serious implications for coronary heart disease and cancer. Diets need to be varied to protect against these conditions - and this one isn't. This diet requires further long term and larger studies before its effectiveness can be confirmed.”
Volumetrics author Barbara Rolls, PhD, who holds the Guthrie Chair in Nutrition at Penn State University, offers a very simple explanation as to why people lose weight on Atkins diet:
“They're cutting calories, even if they don't realize it. No one has shown, in any studies, that anything magical is going on with Atkins other than calorie restriction. The diet is very prescriptive, very restrictive, and limits half of the foods we normally eat. In the end it's not fat, it's not protein, it's not carbs - it's calories. You can lose weight on anything that helps you to eat less, but that doesn't mean it's good for you.”
Neal Barnard, MD, president of the Physicians Commission for Responsible Medicine, a non-profit research group based in Washington, says:
“Low-carb diets have been linked to increased frequency of colon cancer, formation of kidney stones, kidney disease, and even osteoporosis… The reason for the health worries is in large part due to red meat. People who eat meat every day have three times greater risk of developing colon cancer. And then there is the problem of the kidneys. They aren't designed to work on an oil slick of fat.”
Susan Barr, registered dietitian in New York City, says:
“There have been reports in the medical literature that say that this low-carb diet may not be as bad as we thought. That makes people interested again in this diet, but until there is more research on what stresses the diet places on the body, there is no way to know what it might be doing besides providing short-term weight loss.”
The Bottom Line
The Atkins Diet is an optimally balanced lifetime eating plan with the flexibility to meet each individual's unique physical condition addressing factors such as age, gender, level of physical activity, and metabolic rate.
This diet may seem like the tastiest way to lose weight, but don't be misled by claims of effortless weight loss and unlimited amounts of food. Nothing is that simple!
